Study design, materials and methods
Experience report based on the search for scientific evidence regarding risk factors for Urgent Urinary Incontinence and Behavioral Modifications applicable to the diagnosis, the clinical experience of the authors, and the systematization of Evaluation and Intervention based on the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA) and Nursing Interventions Classifications (NIC). The proposal was outlined according to the stages proposed by the Ministério da Saúde (Brazil) for the elaboration of clinical protocols: Definition of the theme; Title; Purpose of the protocol; Introduction; Goal; Target population; Approaches included; Research questions; Implementation indicators; Method of searching for evidence in the literature and References.
Results
The nursing diagnosis “Urge Urinary Incontinence” was identified in NANDA, which is found in domain 3 (elimination and exchange), class 1 (the process of secretion, reabsorption, and excretion of urine) under code 00019 and presents as the definition: Loss involuntary passing of urine in combination with or following a strong sense of urgency or urge to urinate. Related factors and associated conditions were listed, considering this is a multifactorial condition. After the evaluation through the collection of information and physical examination to identify the defining characteristics of the diagnosis, the professional must consult the protocol and identify related factors or associated conditions presented by each individual to list the interventions that need to be implemented. A flow was created with an order of related factors or conditions associated with Urinary Urinary Incontinence for investigation in order of relevance in the manifestation of symptoms and impact on subsequent items. For each identified factor or condition, the flow leads to actions related to behavioral changes that must be targeted. The application of the complete flow will result in a care plan, and the order in which they were distributed will help prioritize the most relevant actions. Flow chart description (factors, conditions, and actions): Hyperactive Pelvic Floor – Progressive Muscle Relaxation; Anxiety – Relaxation Therapy; Constipation – Bowel Control; Urinary Infection – Risk Identification; Low Water Intake – Monitoring of the Volume of Liquids; Inadequate Sanitary Behavior – Urinary Habit Training; Diabetes Mellitus – Control of Hyperglycemia; Pelvic Organ Prolapse – Pessary Control; High consumption of Potential Bladder Irritants – Assistance in self-care with food; Persistence of Symptoms – Bladder Training; Discharge or Implementation of second-line treatment.
Interpretation of results
The survey of evidence regarding the risk factors for hypersensitivity of the urothelium and overactivity of the detrusor, as well as proven effective behavioral measures for their control, allowed an analysis of priority measures according to the number of risk factors on which they have an impact. Furthermore, the correlation of risk factors with related factors or associated conditions, terms used in NANDA, and behavioral modifications with the interventions described in the NIC allowed the construction of a simple flowchart with known factors, conditions, and interventions, ordered by prioritization and impact and of way to be understood and applied by any health professional who cares for people with Urge Urinary Incontinence.