The aim of this case series was to explore the feasibility and user experience of a wearable bladder sensor in managing day- / nighttime incontinence and enuresis (Figure 1). Recruitment targeted both children and adults; however, this report focuses exclusively on six adult cases to assess outcomes and identify areas for improvement.

Participants were recruited via an online platform. From 712 website visitors, 182 signed up, and 80 requested further information. After 45 eligibility interviews, 16 were selected to prospectively use the bladder sensor as intended (children and adults combined), of which 6 adults tested the bladder sensor (32 to 76 years old). All had prior unsuccessful interventions such as medication, pelvic floor training and electrical stimulation. Most of them used absorbent products to manage their incontinence issues. The test period ranged from baseline to over 3 months, with follow-up at 1–2 weeks, 1 month, and beyond 3 months. Each case was analyzed individually for prior history, goals, and device experience.

One case (female, 42 years old) reported that the sensor significantly improved her awareness of bladder signals. By receiving timely reminders, she was able to visit the toilet before leaks occurred, which reduced incidents and restored her confidence in her body. Another case (male, 49 years old) experienced a major improvement, reducing his use of absorbent products from four per day to just one. The sensor’s notifications helped him act before his bladder was full, preventing leakage. Several users also suggested usability enhancements, such as clearer guidance during setup (e.g., setting the bladder size or identifying the optimal placement on the abdomen) and more personalized options for reminders (e.g., adjustable vibration intensity).

As a result of the case series, device improvements regarding the initial onboarding of the device and personalization of reminders will be initiated.

This case series highlights the potential of a wearable bladder sensor to improve continence in selected adult cases during the day. Further studies with larger cohorts are warranted to confirm these findings.