Hypothesis / aims of study
Urinary incontinence is a frequent pathology, affecting almost 50% of adult women. The most important risk factors are age, obesity, multiparity and type of delivery (vaginal delivery has an increased risk).
The most commonly used surgical technique in our environment is the trans obturator suburethral tape (TOT).
The aim of this study is to analyse the possible influence of BMI in the rate of postoperative complications in suburethral tape treatment.
Study design, materials and methods
Patients who underwent TOT surgery following a stress UI diagnose during January 2014 and December 2017 were studied retrospectively. 93 women were included and divided in 2 groups according their BMI: BMI=25 (n=32) and BMI>25 (n=61).
Fisher’s exact test was used to determine possible associations, considering statistical significance with p<0.05.
Contingency table is attached, with stratified data, dividing patients according to their BMI, type of tape used [short tapes (MiniArc®, Minisling Sloyx®) and long tapes (Kim®, Gyneband®, Dynamesh®, MonArc®)], and type of complication (urinary incontinence de novo, mesh extrusion and inguinal pain).
Results
According to their BMI, 34.4% (32) patients had BMI = o <25 and 65.6%(61) had BMI >25.
In the group of patients with overweight, the percentage of complications was 23.7% vs 4.3% in the group with BMI<25. The more frequent complication revealed in our study was de novo urgency, followed by tape extrusion and inguinal pain.
Complications were also evaluated according to the length of the mesh. In short tapes, complications were also more frequent in group with overweight, 8.8%(3) vs 5.9%(2). The same happened in long tapes, with 28.8%(17) of complications in group with BMI>25, vs 3.4%(2) in normal weight group.
Interpretation of results
We detected an statistically significant difference between the two groups [BMI=25 group with BMI>25 group (p=0.017)]. This allows us to affirm that in our study group there is a relation between BMI and postoperative complications rate.