Rezūm therapy is a minimally invasive treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) that utilizes water vapor thermal ablation. This study evaluates the three-year outcomes of Rezūm therapy, focusing on the durability of symptom relief and improvements in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).This study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of Rezūm therapy by assessing the durability of symptom relief and improvements in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) over a three-year follow-up period.

A prospective registry was established for Rezūm therapy at two international high-volume centers. We reviewed data for patients followed between April 2019 and October 2021.  All patients had baseline medical and BPH history documented along with uroflowmetry (Qmax and PVR), and validated questionnaires (IPSS, IPSS QoL, BPHII, IIEF-15, MSHQ-EjD function and bother).

In this study, we evaluated 712 patients with a one-year follow-up, analyzing LUTS and sexual function. The mean age at treatment was 67.2 years (SD 8.9) with mean baseline prostate volume was 74.1 cc (SD 34.4). Patient follow-up data for post-void residual (PVR) volumes showed a decline from a baseline mean of 134.9 ml (n=598) to 47.8 ml at 24 months (n=145), and 38.5 ml at 36 months (n=18). Qmax demonstrated improvement, increasing from a baseline mean of 8.6 ml/s (n=584) to 15 ml/s at 24 months (n=103), and 12.1 ml/s at 36 months (n=17). The IPSS showed a notable decrease, with baseline scores averaging 22 (n=627), then dropping to 9.8 at 36 months (n=64). The IPSSQoL score improved from a baseline mean of 4.5 (n=627) to 1.9 at 36 months (n=64). BPHII improved from a baseline mean of 7.7 (n=489) to 2.9 at 12 months (n=210), 2.2 at 24 months (n=105), and 2.7 at 36 months (n=51). No statistically significant differences were observed in the IIEF or the MSHQ-EjD function and bother domains.

The Rezūm procedure resulted in significant improvements with sustained benefits over three years.

These findings underscore the treatment's effectiveness in enhancing patient well-being while maintaining stable sexual function.