To analyze and evaluate the effectiveness and safety of REZUM (water vaporization of the prostate), a minimally invasive treatment for managing lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), with a focus on postoperative outcomes.

Study Design:
Prospective Cohort Study

Duration:
1st August 2023 to 31st August 2024

Methodology:
A total of 73 patients were enrolled, and pre- and post-operative variables, including IPSS score, Quality of Life (QOLS), and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Data were presented through graphs, charts, and tables.

In our study, the mean pre-operative IPSS was 22.6 ±7.5, which was reduced to 12.8 ±9.4, showing 27% improvement. The highest pre-procedure QOLS was 5 (n=19,26.4%) compared to after REZUM, which was 3 (n=21,29.2%), exhibiting 33.3% improvement. Pre-operative assessment of erectile function, as measured by the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) with a maximum possible score of 25, revealed a mean score of 15.1 ± 1.1. Postoperative evaluation indicated a slight decline, with the mean score decreasing to 14.7 ± 4.03, reflecting a 1.5% reduction in erectile function. The improvement in symptomatic lower urinary tract
symptoms (LUTS) was statistically significant with left-sided and median lobe injections (p =0.002). Additionally, there was a statistically significant association between REZUM injections targeting the median lobe and post-procedure quality of life (p = 0.003).

The findings demonstrate that REZUM is an effective and safe minimally invasive therapy for managing LUTS due to BPH. The 27% reduction in IPSS score and 33.3% improvement in quality of life indicate significant symptomatic relief. The minimal decline in erectile function (1.5%) suggests that REZUM preserves sexual function, unlike traditional TURP. The targeted effect of median lobe injections further highlights the potential for customized therapy. The low side effect profile and outpatient nature of the procedure make REZUM a suitable option for patients unfit for prolonged anesthesia.

REZUM is a promising, minimally invasive alternative for BPH management with significant improvements in lower urinary tract symptoms and quality of life, while preserving sexual function. Further long-term studies are recommended.