Hypothesis / aims of study
With all the variety of methods for treating stress urinary incontinence, the criteria for recovery are reduced to the absence of incontinence symptoms. At the same time, the complete restoration of the physical, psycho-emotional and social components of a postmenopausal woman's life is practically not taken into account. A study of the quality of life, as well as the sexual function of patients with stress incontinence, will help to determine the effectiveness of the synergy of surgical treatment and hardware rehabilitation methods.Aim of study to evaluate the quality of life and sexual function of postmenopausal women 1 and 3 years after sling surgery in combination with dynamic quadripolar radiofrequency (DQRF).
Study design, materials and methods
An open prospective longitudinal study of 112 postmenopausal patients was conducted. The women were divided into two groups: Group 1 - patients who underwent vaginal plastic surgery using their own tissues (n = 60); Group 2 - patients who, after reconstructive plastic interventions, underwent postoperative rehabilitation using DQRF(n = 52). Before surgery, 1 year and 3 years after treatment, a questionnaire was conducted to determine the quality of life using the Short Form-36 questionnaire and sexual function using the Female Sexual Function Index and Female Sexual Distress Scale questionnaires.
Results
The average age of women in group 1 was 65.8±8.5 years, in group 2 - 59.4±7.2 years (p>0.05). Women in group 1, it is necessary to note a statistically significant increase in the indicators 1 year after treatment in the categories of physical functioning, role activity, general health, vitality, social functioning, emotional state and mental health. It is important to note that 3 years after treatment, women in group 1 noted a decrease in the indicators of general health, vitality and social functioning compared to the results 1 year after surgery (Fig. 1).
In group 2, 1 year after treatment, a statistically significant decrease in the index on physical pain was determined from 77.3±2.8 to 26.7±4.2 points (p<0.05), with a simultaneous increase in the indicators in other categories of quality of life. In the group 2 the values of the quality of life subsections remain at a high level even 3 years after treatment (Fig. 2).
In group 2, 1 year after treatment, statistically significant higher values of the female sexual function index were determined: 31.8 ± 2.6 versus 14.0 ± 4.3 points initially (p < 0.05,Fig. 3). In the pain domain, after 1 month, a 5-fold decrease in the indicator was noted: 6.2 ± 0.9 versus 1.3 ± 0.7 points, while in the lubrication category, a reliable increase in the indicator was determined: 1.3 ± 0.9 versus 5.8 ± 1.1 points (p < 0.05). 3 years after treatment, women in the group 2 maintain high values in the desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, and satisfaction sections. The parameters of the female sexual function index domains in women in group 1 are lower than those in women group 2 both 1 year after treatment and 3 years later. When assessing the sexual distress scale after treatment, women in group 2 significant decrease in the frequency of sexual dysfunction within 3 years after treatment.
Interpretation of results
The combination of surgical correction of stress urinary incontinence with DQRF allows to correct anatomical defects, at the same time statistically significantly increases the index of quality of life and female sexual function, reducing women's experiences associated with problems in sexual life.