The overall prevalence of OAB was 4.9%(244/5 018) in male university students. The prevalence of OAB in male university students is related to a history of UTI(χ2=93.527, P<0.001), constipation(χ2=10.762, P=0.001), smoking(χ2=8.990, P=0.003), alcohol consumption(χ2=3.984, P=0.046), coffee/strong tea consumption(χ2=35.614, P<0.001), carbonated beverage consumption(χ2=10.809, P=0.001), redundant prepuce(χ2=4.839, P=0.028), phimosis(χ2=13.685, P<0.001), urinary retention(χ2=15.854, P<0.001), and chronic insomnia(χ2=62.654, P<0.001). It is not related to the place of residence(χ2=0.037, P=0.847). Logistic regression analysis showed that a history of urinary tract infections, constipation, smoking, alcohol consumption, coffee/strong tea consumption, carbonated drinks consumption, foreskin elongation, phimosis, urinary retention, and chronic insomnia were the related influencing factors of male university students OAB(P<0.05). The anxiety score, quality of life score, social avoidance score, social distress score, and average score of the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale for male university students in the OAB group were significantly higher than those in the non OAB group [(41.18 ± 6.535) points and(38.61 ± 6.357) points,(3.65 ± 1.203) points and(2.79 ± 0.947) points,(6.25 ± 1.863) points and(5.86 ± 1.509) points,(6.27 ± 1.594) points and(5.97 ± 1.319) points,(12.51 ± 2.353) points and(11.84 ± 2.005) points, P<0.05].